CULLWISE

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Release notes

What changed.

Every public release, newest first, in the words of what it does rather than what was touched. This is the page Cullwise sends you to when it finds a newer version.

0.1.65 10 September 2026

  • the photo's pixel size in the Info panel The FILE section of the Info panel now has a Dimensions row, between Captured and Size, showing the width and height in pixels (8256 × 5504, for example). A photo shot upright reads tall, the way you see it. It is on by default, and you can switch it off under Fields… like any other row.
    New

0.1.64 9 September 2026

  • the eye close-up's resize corner was hard to find The corner you drag to make the close-up bigger or smaller drew straight over the photo, so on a dark subject it disappeared. It now sits on its own small tab with a gold mark, and it shows in both bottom corners.
    Fixed
  • resize the eye close-up from either bottom corner Drag the bottom-right corner to grow the box to the right, or the bottom-left corner to grow it to the left. The box stays at actual pixels either way: bigger shows more of the photo, never the same patch blown up.
    New

0.1.63 9 September 2026

  • photos moved into a subfolder lost their cull marks If you sorted culled photos into subfolders in Lightroom or the Finder and then opened a subfolder in Cullwise, every photo showed the "not culled yet" ring and the loupe had no eye close-up. The cull's record now follows the photo, so a subfolder opened on its own shows exactly what the cull found.
    Fixed
  • the folder list counts what a click opens The number beside a folder used to include everything in its subfolders, while clicking the folder opened only the folder itself. The number now matches the click. Hover over it to see the total with subfolders, and use right-click ▸ Open This Folder and Subfolders to see them all on one sheet. A folder that holds photos only in its subfolders shows that total dimmed.
    Better

0.1.62 9 September 2026

  • a photo moved out of the folder looked broken in the loupe If you moved or deleted photos in Lightroom or the Finder while their folder was open in Cullwise, the loupe showed a soft, blurry picture with no close-up, no histogram and almost no metadata. Now a photo that is no longer where it was wears a mark on the contact sheet and the filmstrip, and the loupe tells you it has gone and how to re-read the folder. Photos that come back clear the mark on their own.
    Fixed

0.1.61 9 September 2026

  • you can see a filter at a glance When the star or color filter is hiding something, the tiers still showing wear a gold outline. With nothing hidden there is no outline, so an outline always means a filter is on and this is what you are looking at.
    Better
  • color labels vanished after a Lightroom clear Clearing the color labels in Lightroom on a shoot Lightroom already had open could take the labels you set in Cullwise with it. They stay now. A different color you set in Lightroom still shows here, and clearing a label in Cullwise still clears it everywhere.
    Fixed

0.1.60 9 September 2026

  • tag a photo with T Press T to tag the photo you are on, or the whole selection, and T again to take the tag off. It is the same checkmark Photo Mechanic uses, and Photo Mechanic shows it; Lightroom shows it as a flag. A photo you protected on the camera arrives already tagged, and T clears that too. Tag is on the Photo menu and the right-click menu, and it can be rebound or put on a Quick Keys button like any other command.
    New
  • the eye close-up is a small window The close-up that shows the eye the cull judged used to be a fixed square. Drag its bottom-right corner to make it bigger: it stays at actual pixels, so a bigger box shows more of the photo, not the same patch enlarged. Drag inside it to look around, drag its title strip to move it, and press the ↺ on the strip to go back to the spot the cull judged. Every photo opens on its own judged spot, whatever you did on the last one. The size and place are remembered.
    Better
  • a color label set here stays here If you clear the color labels in Lightroom to start clean, the labels you set in Cullwise are still on the photos when you come back, the way Photo Mechanic keeps its own. A different color you set in Lightroom still shows here.
    Better

0.1.59 9 September 2026

  • some photos of a dog showed no eye inset In the loupe, a photo the cull had rated could come up with no close-up of the eye, as if it had not seen the dog. It had. The record that places the inset could be overwritten when a cull ran in two parts, which is what happens when you cull while a card is still ingesting. That record now survives every kind of cull. A shoot already affected repairs itself the next time you run Cull on the folder; your own ratings and labels are kept.
    Fixed
  • the filmstrip keeps the current photo in the middle Stepping through a shoot in the loupe used to push the current photo to the far right of the filmstrip, so you could not see what came next. The filmstrip now holds it in the middle, so the photos on either side are always in view.
    Better
  • changing a filter in the loupe felt slow After changing a star or color filter while in the loupe, the filmstrip's thumbnails could sit blank for a while, and if the filter hid the photo you were on, the loupe kept showing it while the filmstrip moved on, so the next arrow press jumped. Thumbnails now appear as soon as they are ready, and the loupe follows the filmstrip to the photo that is actually selected.
    Fixed

0.1.58 8 September 2026

  • a photo protected in-camera would not ingest A photo you had protected with the camera's key failed to copy. The ingest reported it as not kept, and a hidden part-file was left in the shoot folder that could not be deleted. Nothing was ever lost: the photo stayed on the card, protected, the whole time. It now copies like any other photo, and Cullwise keeps the mark: the tick you see on a tagged photo is on it, and the Tagged filter finds it. The copy itself is not locked on your Mac, so you can rename, move or delete it like the rest of the shoot. A shoot bitten by this earlier heals on its own the next time you run the ingest over that card.
    Fixed
  • the ingest no longer sits on "Preparing" The ingest used to read every photo on the card before copying the first one, which on a full card was over half a minute of "Preparing" with nothing landing. It now starts copying about a second after you press Ingest, and reads the rest as it goes. The order photos are numbered in has not changed.
    Better

0.1.57 1 September 2026

  • Select All did nothing unless you were on the contact sheet Command-A picked every photo while you were looking at the contact sheet, and did nothing at all in the loupe, in Compare, in Survey, or any time you had last clicked the folder list or a filter. There was no message and nothing happened, so the only way to pick a whole shoot was to go back to the grid first. It now picks every photo the shoot is showing, from wherever you are. With a single photo up you can select all and then rate, label, lock or export the lot without leaving it. Command-D still lets go of the selection, and Command-A inside a search or caption field still selects the text in that field.
    Fixed

0.1.56 1 September 2026

  • the cull rated photos with the head cut off by the frame edge A photo where your subject's head ran off the side or the top of the frame came back with a star on it, and so did one where the head was turned away and out of shot altogether. However sharp the rest of the frame was, those are not photos anybody delivers, and having them among the keepers meant a slower pass by hand. They are left unrated now. Nothing else about how a photo is judged has changed, and the 4 and 5 star ratings you set yourself are untouched as always. Cull a shoot again to have this applied to photos you have already culled.
    Fixed
  • skip photos with the body or legs cut off A head out of frame is never a keeper, so Cullwise leaves those unrated whatever you do. The rest of the body is a different question, because an action frame with the feet just out of shot is often still one you would deliver, so that one is yours to decide. You will find it under Framing in Settings, Cull, and in the Cull settings box beside the Cull button. It is off to begin with, so nothing changes until you turn it on.
    New

0.1.55 31 August 2026

  • star ratings did not reach Lightroom on a JPEG shoot A folder of JPEGs culled in Cullwise arrived in Lightroom, Bridge or Camera Raw with no stars on any frame. The ratings were there and Cullwise showed them correctly the whole time; they were written where those applications do not look. They are written in both places now, so a JPEG, a TIFF or a DNG says the same thing wherever it is opened. Re-cull a shoot that came out blank and the stars will be on it. RAW shoots were never affected.
    Fixed
  • a rating you set by hand could be written over by the next cull On a JPEG, a TIFF or a DNG, a star rating, a color label or a reject you set yourself was invisible to a later cull, so the cull treated the frame as one nobody had judged and rated it again. What you set by hand now wins, the way it always has on a RAW.
    Fixed
  • Edit In Right-click photos on the contact sheet and choose Edit In to open them in Lightroom, Photoshop or whatever else you edit in. It is in the Photo menu as well, and Command-E always goes to the first application on your list. Cullwise offers the photo editors it finds on your Mac, so there is nothing to set up. Other Application reaches anything else, and Settings, General is where you put the list in the order you want it. What opens is the original file, not a copy of one.
    New
  • re-culling a folder left the scoreboard blank Running the cull again on a folder Cullwise had already measured showed no frames read, no frames per second and no keepers, under a banner saying how many photos were rated. The run was doing the right thing and the figures beside it were not.
    Fixed

0.1.54 29 August 2026

  • drag photos out of the sheet into a folder Pick frames on the contact sheet and drag them onto any folder in the FOLDERS panel. The row you are over lights up, and the photos move there. Everything that belongs to a photo travels with it — its sidecar, a voice memo recorded on the body, the lock, the crop you levelled it to and the cull's marks. Drop onto a folder on another disk and the photos are copied rather than moved, which is what the Finder does; hold Option to copy on the same disk. Cullwise asks before it moves anything, naming the folder the photos are headed for. Cancel is the default, so a drag you did not mean to make costs nothing. Nothing is ever overwritten: a name already taken in the destination arrives beside it rather than on top of it.
    New
  • search the variables in the Metadata window The VARIABLES list runs to around two hundred names and the only way to find one was to scroll. There is a search box on it now, the same one the Variables window has, with a count beside it.
    New
  • straighten is on R R is what Lightroom uses and what your hand reaches for. Straighten has it now — S no longer opens it.
    Better
  • the crop guide is back on O O and Shift-O put the guide over your crop and cycle it, which is where that key was before and where Lightroom keeps it.
    Better
  • culling as photos come in looked like it started over With "Cull the shoot as it imports" switched on, the figures dropped back to zero and began counting up again the moment the card finished, which read as the whole shoot being culled a second time. The finish now only picks up the frames that were still arriving when the cull got to them, and where nothing was missed it does nothing at all. Your ratings were always correct; it was the count on screen that was wrong.
    Fixed
  • the first drag of a photo with a sidecar reported an error Dragging a photo that had a sidecar beside it failed with a file error. Nothing moved and nothing was lost — everything stayed where it was — and it now works.
    Fixed
  • a mirrored JPEG card could be skipped entirely For anyone shooting RAW to one card and JPEG to another with "Skip frames already ingested" switched on: bringing in the first card could make the whole of the second one look like it was already here, and it would have been left behind. Cullwise now tells a RAW and a JPEG of the same shot apart, so both cards come across. Everything you have brought in before still counts, so the option keeps covering the shoots behind you.
    Fixed

0.1.53 29 August 2026

  • metadata presets travel as files A set of metadata fields you have built up — your caption, your keywords, your credit and copyright, the whole thing — can now be saved out as a file and handed to somebody else. Import… and Export… sit in the Presets box in the Metadata window. The variables travel with it. A preset that writes [year] into your copyright line writes the year of whatever shoot it lands on, not the year the file was made, so the same preset keeps working next season. Importing never overwrites a preset you already have — if the name is taken, the new one arrives beside it.
    New
  • Copyright Owner A new field in the Rights group, for when the copyright belongs to a company or a studio rather than to the photographer whose name is on the byline. Agencies read the two separately.
    New
  • the metadata fields show what is in them Every field in the Metadata window is now as tall as its contents. A one-word city stays on one line; a caption that runs to five lines arrives showing all five. No more scrolling inside a field to read a value you just loaded. The bigger boxes — caption, keywords, copyright, usage terms and special instructions — also have a handle along the bottom you can drag. Whatever height you leave one at is the height it opens at next time, and double-clicking the handle sizes it to fit.
    New
  • a new folder could open showing nothing If you had filtered a shoot down — hidden the unrated frames, say — and then opened another folder, the new one arrived still wearing that filter. On a folder of brand-new photos that meant an empty screen, which was alarming in the middle of bringing photos in off a card. A folder now opens showing everything, and each open folder keeps its own filter as you move between tabs.
    Fixed
  • stopping a cull looked like something had gone wrong Pressing Stop reported an error and threw the engine log open across the window. Worse, if you were in the loupe at the time, the log could not be put away again. Stopping a cull now simply says so, and tells you where your ratings stand: the ones already written are on your photos and the rest are untouched. The log stays where you left it.
    Fixed
  • the rating and color strips jumped Switching off a star or a color made the whole row of them slide sideways, so the next one you reached for was no longer under the pointer. They stay put now.
    Fixed
  • metadata checkboxes had no check mark The boxes that pick which metadata fields get written turned gold when you switched one on, but never showed a check. They do now.
    Fixed

0.1.52 27 August 2026

  • the editing panel Cullwise does one job and it should be the best in the world at it: getting a shoot in off the card, judging it, and getting your picks out to the editor you already use. Photo editing is not that job, and it was never going to beat the programs built around it. So the Develop panel and everything in it has been taken out of the app — the sliders, the tone curve, the color mixer, the local adjustments and the brush. Nothing has been deleted from your photos. Any edits you made are still recorded beside your files exactly as they were. What changes is that Cullwise no longer shows them or applies them: a photo you had edited now looks the way it came out of the camera, and exports that way too. If you were part way through a shoot, finish it in Lightroom rather than here. Everything you cull with is untouched, and some of it is what this release is about instead: - the contact sheet and the loupe, with the whole keyboard; - Compare, Survey and Reference — the three ways of choosing between frames that are all good; - straightening and cropping, which travel with your photos into Lightroom and Camera Raw; - ingest, ratings, color labels, rejects and locks, metadata, filtering, sorting, renaming, and the whole of export.
    Gone
  • your photos in your screen's own color A good monitor shows more color than a photo file describes, which means the same photo looks stronger on it than it will anywhere else — greens most of all. Cullwise now shows every photo through the color profile your Mac is set to, the way Lightroom does, so a color you judge here is the color you delivered. You do not have to do anything: it is on, and it uses whatever display profile your Mac is already set to. If you would rather see the numbers raw, Settings ▸ General ▸ Screen color turns it off, and the change happens while you watch.
    New

0.1.51 25 August 2026

  • your camera's own look, on every RAW A RAW file is not a picture yet — it is a measurement of the light that reached the sensor. Something has to turn it into a photograph, and until now Cullwise did the plainest possible job of it. RAWs opened flat and about a stop dark, and pushing the exposure on one could send the colour somewhere it had no business going. Cullwise now renders a RAW through a proper camera profile, and picks the one your camera was actually set to. Shoot on Flat and your shoot opens on Flat. Shoot on Vivid and it opens on Vivid. Nothing to choose, nothing to switch, every frame in the shoot. A Profile row sits at the top of the Develop panel with everything your camera offers — Standard, Neutral, Flat, Vivid, Portrait, Landscape, the monochromes — so you can change your mind on any photo, or on a whole selection at once. It is an ordinary edit: one undo, and locked frames are left alone. Profiles come from the ones already installed on your Mac by Adobe applications, so if you have Lightroom or Photoshop you have hundreds of cameras' worth of them already. If you have neither, RAWs open on Cullwise Standard and everything still works; you can also drop your own profile files into the Profiles folder alongside Cullwise's settings. JPEGs are unaffected. A JPEG is already a finished photograph, so it has no profile and the row stays out of your way.
    New
  • RAW editing agrees with Lightroom The Develop sliders have been measured against Lightroom on real RAW files, one slider at a time, and corrected where they disagreed. - Exposure holds its colour when you push it hard. A big lift used to drive greens somewhere fluorescent. - Whites moves a RAW as far as it should. On a RAW it had been doing a fraction of its job. - Every slider now lands where you would expect from the number you typed, not just at the ends of its travel. Small and medium settings were doing rather more than they were being asked for. - Out-of-focus backgrounds stay smooth. Some could pick up faint rings and banding that were not in the photograph. Set the same values in both programs on the same RAW and you should now be close. Colour is not all the way there yet — greens in particular still come out a little stronger than Lightroom's — and that is the next thing being worked on. Please note that RAW photos you edited before this update will look different, and the change is a large one — the starting picture itself has moved. Nothing has been lost and every number you set is still there, but a RAW shoot you had already dialled in is worth a second look before you deliver it, and any preset built on RAW is worth re-checking on one frame. JPEG edits are untouched.
    Better
  • a photo could stop responding in Develop Changing some settings on a RAW left the picture on screen exactly as it was, with no sign that anything had happened — it looked like a control that simply did nothing. It updates now.
    Fixed

0.1.50 25 August 2026

  • the tone sliders match Lightroom Exposure, Contrast, Highlights, Shadows, Whites and Blacks have been measured against Lightroom on real files and rebuilt to agree with it. - Pull Exposure down and the whites stay white instead of going grey. - Whites and Blacks now move a picture as far as you would expect them to. They used to run out of road well before the end of the slider. - Shadows and Highlights lift and recover by the same amounts, while keeping the texture in a bright patch that made them worth using. - Smooth areas, out-of-focus backgrounds especially, stay smooth. Gentle gradients could pick up faint edges where there was nothing in the photograph. Please note that photos you edited before this update will look different. The sliders now mean something different from what they meant last week, so a recipe made earlier renders with the new meaning. Nothing has been lost, and every number you set is still there — but a shoot you had already dialled in is worth a second look before you deliver it, and a saved preset is worth re-checking on one frame.
    Better
  • the tone curve takes typed values The curve's end points are now the black and white points, and they move sideways as well as up and down — so you can put a clean white back on a photograph you have darkened. Select a point and type its Input and Output values. A curve you can write down is one you can repeat next shoot, or hand to somebody else. A typed value is a single undo, exactly like dragging the point.
    New
  • crop to a shape Levelling could always be given a number, but the crop could only ever be dragged by hand. So "exactly 3 x 2", "the same crop as that frame", or a crop measured off a delivered file were all a matter of eye and patience. Press S and the Crop panel opens beside the photo: - Ten shapes — Original, Square, 4 x 5, 5 x 4, 2 x 3, 3 x 2, 3 x 4, 4 x 3, 9 x 16, 16 x 9 — plus Free. - Picking a shape keeps the middle of your crop and its size, and holds that shape for the next handle you drag. - X, Y, Width and Height as percentages of the frame, applying as you type, with the finished pixel size shown underneath. - Turn Upright, the crop guide, the shape lock and Reset Crop are all in the panel too. The shapes are also on View, Straighten By, Crop to Shape — so each one can be given a key of your own in Settings, Keyboard Shortcuts, or put on a Quick Keys button. Percentages rather than pixels on purpose: the same four numbers give you the same crop on a full-size original and on a small copy of it, so a crop you write down is one you can use again anywhere.
    New
  • the hint bar under the photo stayed short Opening a panel beside the photograph shortened the row of key reminders under it, and closing the panel again did not put the missing ones back until the window itself was resized. The line now returns to full length as soon as there is room for it.
    Fixed

0.1.48 22 August 2026

  • local adjustments Some photos only need work in one place — the eye lifted, the sky brought down, the background pushed back. Develop now has a Local section for exactly that: - Add Radial (⇧M) draws an oval over the part you want, and Add Linear (M) fades an adjustment across the frame from wherever you start the drag. A darkened sky is one drag. - Every mask on the photo is listed, so you can click back to one and keep working on it. Drag its edge to resize, its middle to move, its corner to turn, and Feather decides how softly it blends. - Each mask carries its own Temp, Tint, Exposure, Contrast, Highlights, Shadows, Whites, Blacks, Vibrance, Saturation, Texture, Clarity, Dehaze, Sharpness and Noise. Sharpness works both ways: up to bring an eye forward, down to put a distracting background back. - Hold Option while dragging any local slider to see where that mask reaches, painted red over the photo. - Invert turns a mask inside out, so the adjustment lands everywhere except the shape you drew. Masks travel with everything else. Copy and Paste Settings, Sync, and your saved presets all carry them under Local Adjustments — tick it to bring them, leave it unticked to leave the target's own masks alone. Because a mask is stored as a fraction of the frame, it lands on a burst exactly where you drew it.
    New
  • the Develop panel is easier to read Each section now has a clear heading with its own reset, and every slider is one line: name, track, number. The track fills from where the slider rests rather than from the left, so how far you have moved something is visible at a glance, and the point it started from stays marked. The panel can also be dragged wider — as wide as the photo can spare — and it remembers the width you chose.
    Better
  • pulling highlights down keeps the detail Bright areas — white fur, a wedding dress, cloud — used to lose their texture as they came down in tone. Highlights now brings the whole area down while the detail inside it stays, and pushing Highlights up reveals texture rather than washing it out. Whites still take the top of the range cleanly.
    Better
  • a panel came back the wrong width Opening a side panel on a smaller window could squeeze the folder list down to its narrowest, and Cullwise remembered that squeeze as though it were the width you had chosen — so the list came up cut off every launch afterwards. It now only remembers a width you actually dragged.
    Fixed
  • the Develop panel sliced its own rows On a narrow window the Develop panel could cut the number off the end of a slider row, and rows could stop answering the mouse near their edges. Both are fixed, and the panel now sheds gracefully instead.
    Fixed

0.1.47 21 August 2026

  • Compare, Survey and Reference Three views for choosing and matching, reached from the five-icon switch on the toolbar or by key: - Compare (V) puts two photos face to face with one shared zoom, so the near-identical pair finally gets settled. Step through challengers against your pick, promote the winner, and leave with it selected. - Survey (N) lays the whole selection on one screen and lets you winnow it: drop a photo with / and the survivors grow to use the room. Dropping marks nothing — when you leave, the survivors are simply your new selection. - Reference (⇧R) pins a photo beside (or above) the one you are working on — for matching an edit, a look, or an expression. The pinned photo shows its edited look, and at 1:1 both panes move together.
    New
  • Nikon High Efficiency RAW files edit as true RAW NEFs saved in the High Efficiency and High Efficiency★ formats (the Z 8, Z 9 and Z 6III's space-saving modes) previously edited from the JPEG preview inside the file. Develop now opens the RAW itself: noticeably more fine detail at 1:1 and real highlight recovery. The new source line next to the DEVELOP title says what any photo is editing from — RAW, camera JPEG, or JPEG — at a glance.
    New
  • Highlights and Shadows keep texture Pulling Highlights down used to flatten the texture inside bright areas — white fur and fabric went smooth just as they came down in tone. Bright areas now come down as a whole, keeping the detail inside them. The same care applies to lifting Shadows.
    Better
  • type a slider's value Click the number beside any Develop slider, type the value you mean, and press Return. Escape puts the old number back, and out-of-range values settle at the slider's limit. The Temp and Tint sliders also show color bars beneath them, so which way is warmer — or greener — is visible before you drag.
    New
  • Develop presets travel as files The Presets menu now has Import Preset… and Export Preset. An exported preset is a small file you can hand to a second Mac — or another photographer — and importing never overwrites a preset you already have: a name that is taken comes in under a numbered sibling.
    New
  • a crash when leaving the full-size window Double-clicking the title bar to leave the zoomed window could quit the app unexpectedly with certain folders open. Nothing was lost — ratings and edits are always saved as you work — and it no longer happens.
    Fixed

0.1.46 21 August 2026

  • Duplicate a photo Right-click a photo and choose Duplicate… (it is in the Photo menu too, and works on a selection). Pick the name — the same naming tokens ingest and rename use, with a live preview of what each copy will be called — and choose what the copy keeps: the rating, label and voice memo, and the crop and develop settings, all on unless you say otherwise. Your original is never touched, and nothing is ever overwritten: a name already in use stops the duplicate before anything happens.
    New
  • Refresh brings an open folder fully up to date If files were added to a folder from outside Cullwise — copies made in the Finder, say — while that folder was already open on the contact sheet, the new files never appeared, even after right-clicking the folder and choosing Refresh. Refresh now updates the open contact sheet as well as the folder list, and it keeps your place while it does.
    Fixed

0.1.45 21 August 2026

  • Put the detail box where you want it The 1:1 detail box in the loupe — the little square showing the spot the cull judged — can now be dragged anywhere on the photo. Grab the box or its caption and put it where it is not in the way; it stays there from photo to photo and remembers its place between sessions. If you never move it, it sits exactly where it always has.
    New
  • Develop sliders keep up with your hand With many adjustments active, dragging a slider could stutter, and pausing mid-drag or letting go could freeze the whole window for a moment — the more you had piled on, the worse it felt. Dragging is smooth now: the photo follows your hand while you move, sharpens the instant you pause, and the app never locks up. The same goes for comparing before and after, which now flips instantly.
    Better
  • Editing zoomed to 100% keeps up too The same drag speed now applies with the photo zoomed to 100% — the magnified view follows the slider while you move it and snaps back to true pixel-for-pixel detail the moment you let go. Light edits stay fully sharp even mid-drag.
    Better

0.1.44 20 August 2026

  • See exactly what clips In Develop, hold Option while dragging the Blacks or Whites slider and the photo becomes a clipping view: what is blown to pure white or crushed to solid black is marked, channel by channel, and everything safe stays quiet. It works at 100% zoom too, so you can judge a highlight right down to the pixel.
    New
  • Histogram and metadata beside your edit The Develop panel now carries the histogram and your chosen metadata rows at its top, the way an editing panel should — the histogram follows the edit as you make it.
    New
  • A cropped photo stands up level Once you finish straightening a photo, the loupe and Develop now show the finished picture — cut and level — instead of the whole tilted frame. Press P any time to flip back to the full frame with the crop outlined on it. The contact sheet and filmstrip keep the outline view, so a glance still shows which photos carry a crop and what it costs them.
    Better
  • Sliders go where you point Click anywhere along a Develop slider and the value jumps straight there, then follows your drag — no more nudging your way across.
    Better
  • Develop stays quick, however much you pile on Editing with many sections active — curve, color, sharpening, noise reduction — no longer gets slower with each one you touch, and the Option-held sharpening views now track your hand smoothly, at 100% zoom included.
    Better
  • Beta licenses unlock new features A full beta license issued before Develop existed left Develop locked. Beta licenses now unlock new capabilities as they ship, and a feature your license does not cover says so plainly instead of doing nothing.
    Fixed

0.1.43 20 August 2026

  • Develop mode — edit photos without leaving Cullwise Press D, or the new Develop switch on the toolbar, and the editing panel opens beside your photo: white balance, exposure and tone, a tone curve, a color mixer, texture and clarity, sharpening and noise reduction, lens correction, and vignette and grain. Edits never touch your original files, and the preview you steer by is built the same way your exports are — so what you see is what you deliver.
    New
  • Edit many photos at once Select several photos and every adjustment lands on all of them at once. You can also copy edits from one photo and paste them onto others, choosing which parts of the look travel, and save the looks you use often as presets.
    New
  • Judge an edit up close Inside Develop, Z zooms to 100% — one pixel on screen is one pixel of your file. Y shows before and after side by side, each section of the panel has an eye that hides just its effect so you can compare, and holding Option while dragging a sharpening slider shows exactly where the sharpening is landing.
    New
  • The whole cull is set up in one place The Cull button and ⌘R now open a single dialog holding everything about the run — what to cull, the subject, how sure to be, your keeper preset, and what the run will cost. The settings strip above the photos is gone, giving that room back to your shoot.
    New
  • A fast re-cull says why it was fast Culling a folder again finishes quickly because Cullwise remembers the photos it has already graded — and the summary now says so, instead of leaving a near-instant run looking like one that did nothing.
    Better
  • Filters and sorting stay on your photo Changing a filter, picking a different sort, or closing the search no longer jumps the view back to the first photo in the shoot.
    Fixed
  • A rare freeze while photos loaded Fixed a hang that could stop the whole app while thumbnails were being read.
    Fixed

0.1.42 19 August 2026

  • Watermarks you save once and use everywhere Watermarks now have names. Each delivery picks one from your saved watermarks, so setting up your studio mark once is enough — and editing it later updates every delivery that carries it, instead of leaving old copies behind. The watermark editor can save, rename and delete them, and tells you which deliveries are using the one you are editing. Anything you had already set up is kept and given a name automatically.
    New
  • Your logo comes to live with Cullwise Choosing a logo file for a watermark now copies it into Cullwise's own folder. Before, the watermark pointed at the file wherever it happened to be — so moving or deleting that file quietly took the mark off your exports. Now the mark keeps working no matter what happens to the original.
    New
  • A watermark that can't go on asks first If a delivery's watermark can't be applied — its logo file is gone, or the watermark was deleted — the export stops and asks before it runs, instead of quietly sending the photos out unmarked. You choose: export them anyway, or cancel and fix it first.
    New
  • Exporting into a full folder tells you first If the files you are exporting already exist in the delivery folder, the export now says so before it starts — how many, and what your setting will do about them: add a number so both copies are kept, skip them, or replace them. Replace keeps its own stronger warning, since it is the one choice that writes over what is there. The summary at the end also says how many files were given a number, so exporting the same shoot twice can never look like a clean run.
    New

0.1.41 19 August 2026

  • Output sharpening, for screens and for print Resizing a photo softens it, and paper softens it again. Every delivery now has a Sharpen for setting — Screen or Print — and an Amount of Low, Standard or High. It is off unless you ask for it, and the amount is chosen for the size the file is actually being delivered at, so a web JPEG and a full-size file both come out looking right. Print asks for more than Screen on purpose: ink spreads into paper, and a file sharpened for a screen comes back from a lab soft.
    New
  • See all four amounts on your own photo before you choose Compare, beside the Amount box, puts one of the photos you are exporting on screen four times over — Off, Low, Standard and High — at actual size, side by side. Drag any of them and all four move together, so you can put your dog's eye in the middle of the comparison. Click the one you want and the delivery takes it. It shows the photo at the size you are delivering it, not the size it came off the camera, and you can zoom in and out with the wheel or the buttons. Past actual size it tells you that you are looking closer than the file will ever be seen.
    New
  • A delivery going out is on screen while it runs An export is meant to be started and walked away from — but once the window was closed, the only sign it was still going was a two-pixel line along the bottom of the app. There is now an Export section in the left-hand panel with a real progress bar, the count, and a Stop button, so a delivery you left running is visible and can be stopped without reopening anything.
    New
  • The delivery folder takes variables Where a delivery lands can now be built from the same [variables] the subfolder has always taken — ~/Deliveries/[year]/[date], say — with the Variables button beside it and a line underneath showing exactly where the photos will go. Anything that changes from photo to photo still belongs in Subfolder.
    New
  • Command-D clears the selection Photos picked with the mouse could only be released by clicking an empty part of the window. Command-D now clears the selection from anywhere in the app.
    New
  • The Export window closes when you press Close Close, Escape and the red button all did nothing, so the only way out of the Export window was to quit Cullwise. All three now close it, and closing it still does not stop a delivery that is running — Stop is the one thing that does.
    Fixed

0.1.40 18 August 2026

  • Reset Shoot takes a folder back to how it came off the card A practice run, a job that changed, or a cull run on the wrong settings used to leave you with no way back short of deleting the folder and ingesting the card again. The Photo menu's Reset Shoot now clears what Cullwise put on a shoot — stars, color labels, rejects, crops, locks and the fields written in the Metadata window — one box at a time, and it says how many photos each box would change before you run it. Nothing is cleared that you did not check, locked photos are left alone, and the window ends with Put It Back so a reset you did not mean can be undone on the spot. It is also on the right-click menus of a photo, a selection, a tab and a folder.
    New
  • One way out of every filter Filters live in five places, and until now the only thing that cleared them all was buried inside a bar that is switched off by default — so a shoot could look half empty with nothing on screen saying why. There is now Clear All Filters on the View menu, a Clear Filters button on the toolbar, and a third on the page itself. A shoot with photos in it and nothing on the contact sheet now says so, and offers the button, instead of drawing an empty gray grid. Clearing shows every photo again and leaves the Library Filter open, so you do not lose your place.
    New
  • The cull asks what to cull Starting a cull now opens a short question first: this folder or the photos you have selected, whether to include subfolders, and whether to start from scratch. Cull is the default button, so the whole thing is one keystroke and Return. Starting over is described beside the box you check, so you are told what it clears before you agree to it rather than in a second box afterward.
    New
  • Settings has the three panes it was missing Ingest, Metadata, and Export and Transfer now have panes of their own. Where photos land, whether every byte is checked on the way in, the metadata defaults, your saved servers and your deliveries can all be set in Settings instead of only from inside the window that uses them. They show the same settings those windows do — change one in either place and the other agrees.
    New
  • A color label moves you on, like a star does With "advance after I mark a photo" switched on, pressing a color key now steps to the next photo the way a star key already did. A color pass down a shoot is one key per photo again instead of two. Rotate is now a proper command as well, so it can be found in the menus, rebound, and put on a Quick Keys button.
    New
  • The contact sheet shows a lock, and says when a pass is over A locked photo had nothing on it to say so, which made Rename, Reset Shoot and Adjust Date and Time look like they were refusing photos at random. A padlock now shows on the photo in both the contact sheet and the loupe. Rating the last photo in a shoot now tells you the pass is over rather than stopping dead under your finger.
    Better
  • A search covers the whole shoot, and says what it looked at Searching for a keyword used to answer from the photos you happened to have opened, so a search could come back near empty on a shoot full of matches. Every text search now reads the whole shoot, and while it is still reading it says so instead of claiming nothing matched. Each search field also names what it searches, and "Doesn't Contain" is now the exact opposite of "Contains" — the same words in, the other half of the shoot out.
    Better
  • The filter columns open as far as the shoot needs The metadata filter columns were fixed at about five rows for their whole life, which made a wedding's fourteen lenses a porthole that could not be opened. Drag the bottom edge and they open as far as you need, and the height is remembered. There is a new Hour column for the time of day a photo was taken, and each column can be searched for a value rather than scrolled.
    Better
  • The Export window says what Replace would destroy Setting a delivery to replace what is already there could write over an earlier delivery with nothing said first, and a replaced file does not go to the Trash. The window now counts what it would overwrite and says so before the run, and asks again when you start it. Adding a number and skipping cannot destroy anything, and are counted as zero.
    Better
  • The same thing is called the same thing everywhere Menus, buttons and messages have been gone through so that one thing has one name: a shoot is a shoot, a folder is a folder, and the view you cull in is the contact sheet wherever it is mentioned. Spellings are US English throughout — color, license, canceling. Some labels are therefore worded differently from the last release. Nothing you have saved changed with them: your presets, deliveries, servers, shortcuts and color class names are all as you left them.
    Better
  • An exported original goes to the Trash Choosing to move the originals out of the shoot after a delivery deleted them outright, which was the one place in Cullwise where a photo left the disk with no way back. They go to the Trash now, so the Finder can put them back, and the setting says so. If a photo cannot be moved it is left where it is and the run tells you, rather than going quiet.
    Fixed
  • Closing the Export window no longer stops the export The Export window is meant to be left while a delivery runs, but closing it — or pressing Escape — canceled the run without saying anything, so a delivery of a few thousand photos could be lost by doing exactly what the window invites. Stop is now the only thing that stops an export.
    Fixed
  • Deleting the rejects keeps the rest of your undo Deleting the rejected photos at the end of a pass threw away the undo history for every other photo in the shoot, so an afternoon of ratings could no longer be stepped back. Only the deleted photos leave the undo history now, and the marks on everything still there can be undone as before.
    Fixed
  • A filter no longer follows you into another shoot Setting the marks filter to Rejected and then opening another folder left that filter switched on, so the new shoot came up near empty with nothing saying which control had done it. Opening a shoot now starts on all photos.
    Fixed
  • A saved sort that has stopped sorting says so If a sort used one of your own variables and that variable was later deleted, the shoot quietly went back to filename order with nothing said. The sort now tells you which name it no longer recognizes and where to fix it.
    Fixed
  • A lock survives opening a folder with its subfolders Lock a photo, open the folder together with its subfolders, and the lock was not there. Nothing was ever lost, and locks set either way now show wherever that photo appears.
    Fixed
  • Return presses the button you are looking at In the Ingest, Export and Metadata windows, Return pressed whichever button happened to have been built first — it opened a folder picker in Ingest and prompted for a new recipe name in Export. It now presses the button the window is for.
    Fixed
  • The days left on a trial count down while the app is open Cullwise left open across several days reported the number of days it had started with. It now counts down as the days pass, and the day your license runs out has not changed.
    Fixed
  • The keys the app tells you about are the keys you have Several places typed out a shortcut beside the menu that owns it, so a key that had moved, or one you had rebound yourself, was described wrongly. Every key named in the guide, the hint bar and the filter cells is now read from your own shortcuts.
    Fixed
  • Leaving the loupe leaves the crop Pressing G while leveling a photo left leveling switched on with everything about it hidden, so Reject and Play Voice Memo silently did nothing on the contact sheet. Leaving the loupe now ends leveling properly, and a rotate can be undone and refuses a locked photo.
    Fixed

0.1.39 11 August 2026

  • A crop you make in Lightroom comes back to the light table Crop or level a photo in Lightroom and Cullwise shows it the next time you open that shoot — the crop marked on the contact sheet and on the photograph in the loupe, the same as one you made here. The two applications now agree about a photo whichever one you cropped it in, and the most recent crop is the one you see. Levelling you have just done in Cullwise is never overwritten by this.
    New
  • A delivery can hand the photo over exactly as it was shot Each delivery in the Export window now has its own "Apply crop and straightening" switch, on by default. Switch it off and that delivery sends the photo the way the camera made it, with no crop and no levelling attached — useful when a client or a lab wants the untouched frame while your other deliveries go out cropped. The switch is remembered with the delivery, and a delivery that has it off says so in its summary line.
    New
  • A JPEG's stars, color and reject reach Lightroom Rate, color or reject a JPEG in Cullwise, hand it to Lightroom, and it could arrive with none of those marks on it. Raw files were never affected. Nothing was ever lost — the marks were on the light table the whole time, and they are still there. A JPEG's marks now go where Lightroom looks for them, so a shoot you have been through arrives sorted.
    Fixed

0.1.38 11 August 2026

  • Your crops travel to Lightroom and Camera Raw Straighten or crop a photo on the light table, then drag it into Lightroom, and it opens cropped and level with no manual step. It works the same for raw files and for JPEGs, and the same whether you drag your photos across or send them out through an export. Your photograph itself is untouched — the crop travels as an instruction, the way Lightroom's own crop tool works, so it can be adjusted or removed over there at any time. Take the straightening off in Cullwise and the crop comes off with it. You can switch this off at Settings, Loupe, Straightening if you would rather hand files over exactly as they came out of the camera.
    New
  • Getting Started explains Subject Packs and the Quick Keys The guide now says what the cull actually looks for on a frame, that Subject Packs are how a particular kind of shoot is understood, and how the Quick Keys dial fits into a cull. It also makes plain that Cullwise is not an editor: it picks and marks the shoot, and the editing happens in the application you already use.
    New
  • A Lightroom-edited raw keeps all of its files together Rename a shoot, or bring one in from a card, and one of the files Lightroom writes beside a heavily edited raw could be left behind. It only affected photos with substantial editing already done to them, which is why it was easy to miss. Nothing was ever lost — the file stayed where it was. Everything belonging to a photo now moves with it.
    Fixed
  • A release note reaches you the way it was written Some formatting could arrive as stray characters in the what's new window and on the website.
    Fixed

0.1.37 11 August 2026

  • Dogs is a Subject Pack Settings ▸ Subject Packs lists Dogs, and the version it is at, beside the general cull that reads every frame whole. It ships with Cullwise and is already in place: there is nothing to install, nothing to buy and nothing to switch on. Your culls rate exactly as they did before — this was checked frame by frame against the previous version. What it gains you is that the dog cull can be improved on its own, and arrive on its own, rather than waiting on a new version of the whole application.
    Better
  • The first cull of an older shoot goes through it in full Cull a folder you had already culled with an earlier version and that first pass works through the whole shoot instead of coming back straight away. It is a one-off for each folder — cull it again and it is quick, as usual. Nothing of yours is touched: your star ratings, your colors, your rejects and any levelling you have done are all exactly where you left them.
    Better

0.1.36 11 August 2026

  • Filtering in the loupe no longer empties the filmstrip Filter a shoot — to one colour label, say — while you were looking at a photo in the loupe, and the filmstrip along the foot of the window went blank. The photo itself was fine and nothing was lost; going out to the contact sheet and back into the loupe brought the strip back. The strip now follows the filter straight away, so what is along the bottom is always the shoot you have filtered to.
    Fixed

0.1.35 11 August 2026

  • Next and Previous Photo can go on a Quick Keys button Moving to the next photograph is the thing you do more than anything else, and it was the one thing you could not put on the slab: the arrow keys did it, and nothing else could. Next Photo and Previous Photo are now in the View menu, so they can go on a Quick Keys button and be given a key of your own under Settings ▸ Keyboard Shortcuts. They work in the contact sheet and in the loupe, so one button steps through a shoot wherever you are looking at it. The arrow keys are unchanged.
    New
  • A Quick Keys button now keeps working after the first press A button on the slab did what it was bound to once and then went quiet for the rest of the session. The wheel kept working and so did the keyboard, so the slab looked healthy. This was easiest to see on a button that moves you through the shoot, where the second press should land somewhere new; on a button that sets a rating the frame was already at that rating, so there was nothing to notice. Every button now keeps working for as long as you keep pressing it.
    Fixed
  • The Getting Started guide covers rosters Load a list of your own — one row per subject, straight out of a spreadsheet — and type a short code in any metadata field to write the whole name. It has been in the Metadata window for a while and was described nowhere, so unless somebody told you about it you had no way to find it.
    Better

0.1.34 10 August 2026

  • A custom sort now takes effect straight away Change a custom sort while you are looking at a shoot and the contact sheet stayed in the order it was already in, with nothing saying anything had changed. Editing the sort you are already using is the case that was missed. The sheet now reorders as soon as you change it, and a sort you are not currently using leaves the sheet where it is.
    Fixed
  • A folder opened with its subfolders shows every frame's marks again Open a folder together with its subfolders and the frames from the subfolders showed none of what the cull had found on them: no detail box, no subject, and no crop on a frame you had levelled. Nothing was ever lost from disk — opening the subfolder on its own showed it correctly the whole time. Both views now show the same thing.
    Fixed
  • A licence counts its days on your own calendar A licence with a term on it could report a day fewer than it really had, from early evening onward. The day it runs out has not changed, and never was affected: the last day is a whole day wherever you are. It was only the number being counted wrongly.
    Fixed

0.1.33 10 August 2026

  • A frame the cull has never looked at says so There was no way to tell a photograph Cullwise had considered and passed over from one it had never seen. Both are a cell with no star on it. Every frame the cull has not yet rated now carries a small ring at the top of the cell, and the ring clears as a run works through the shoot. So no star and no ring means Cullwise looked at that photo and did not think it a keeper; a ring means it has not looked at all. Open a folder nobody has ever culled and the whole sheet is ringed. Hover the ring and it tells you what it is. Getting Started, chapter 2, and the online manual both explain it.
    New
  • A custom sort ordered by nothing at all Sort by [frame] and the contact sheet stayed in filename order, with nothing saying why. A sort now understands every variable the rest of Cullwise does, and a word it cannot place is named in red as you type it. The Variables… button beside the field offers the whole list. Sorting by something the contact sheet has not read yet — a frame number deep in a shoot you have only scrolled the top of — now orders the whole shoot, rather than sorting the frames it happens to have and parking the rest at the back.
    Fixed
  • A destination you can type Copy to and Backup were pick-only: the folder you wanted meant clicking down to it every time, even with the path already on your clipboard. Both take typing now. A ~ expands, and the quotes macOS wraps around a Copy as Pathname paste come off rather than being taken as part of the name. Choose… opens where you already are rather than wherever you were last. A destination you typed that does not exist is now a question rather than something Cullwise decides for you — so a backup drive that is not plugged in can no longer end up with a copy of the shoot somewhere you did not intend.
    New
  • The ingest window says where the photos land Primary and Folder were two path fields of the same weight, one above the other, and nothing said which one contained the other. They are now Copy to and Subfolder, and the line underneath shows the two joined: "Photos land in /Volumes/Photos/2026-08-10 Harbor Show". The Subfolder box is allowed to be empty — that means straight into the destination. There is an ✕ to empty it in one click.
    Better
  • The backup says it gets the same subfolder It always did — one subfolder, made under every destination — but nothing on screen said so, so the only way to find out was to go and look afterwards. There is now a line under Backup showing the full path as well.
    Better
  • A card going in no longer opens a second Ingest window With the Ingest window already open, putting a card in stacked another identical window on top of it. An arriving card now joins the SOURCES list in the window you already have open.
    Fixed

0.1.32 10 August 2026

  • Updating is one button now Cullwise downloads the new version itself, in the background, while you carry on culling. Press Install when it is ready and Cullwise closes, the installer runs, and Cullwise comes back on the new version with everything as you left it.
    New
  • You can see what is in a new version before you take it The "newer version available" box used to be one long sentence covering a release. It now lists what is new and what is fixed, each with a heading and an explanation, and it scrolls if the release was a big one.
    New
  • A word for nearly everything a photograph carries The [variable] vocabulary was built for one job — naming a file coming off a card — and it showed: there was no word for the resolution, the print size, the body's serial number, the shooting mode, where the frame was taken, or any caption field. There are now around two hundred, grouped by what you are looking at rather than by where the value sits in the file: Size & Shape, Exposure, Place, Description, Credit & Rights, Location, and a much wider File and Camera. They work everywhere brackets already work — ingest names, export names, the caption under a thumbnail, your own metadata rows. Another program's word for a thing finds ours when you search for it.
    New
  • The metadata panel opens on the camera's own fields, and takes rows of your own The METADATA section down the side of the loupe — and its twin on the contact sheet — now opens on the frame as the camera wrote it: filename, capture, size, shutter, aperture, ISO, program, white balance, focal length, lens, body. The caption and copyright rows are one tick away in Fields…, along with the camera's own Comment and Frame number. Fields… ▸ Your Own Rows… lets you write rows we never thought of: a label and a [variable] line each, drawn under YOURS at the foot of both panels. A row that comes out empty on a frame is left out rather than drawn blank.
    New
  • A licence for people testing Cullwise A tester who will not reach a real shoot for a month cannot be served by a fourteen-day trial. There is now a licence with a term on it, redeemed in the same field as any other key, that works without an internet connection.
    New
  • Both metadata panels are as wide as you drag them They were fixed widths — a guess about somebody else's screen and somebody else's lens names. Both now have a drag handle in the seam, and each remembers where you left it.
    Better
  • A download you can walk away from The installer is 1.7 GB, so it downloads into the panel on the left with the size, the speed and how long is left — not a window you have to sit in front of. Stop it whenever you like; it picks up from where it stopped.
    Better
  • The rest of the card is rated when a cull was started mid-ingest Start a cull while frames are still landing and only the frames that had arrived were ever rated — the rest of the card could end up with no star at all. Every frame is now rated once the ingest finishes. A cull you stopped yourself is not restarted.
    Fixed
  • Renaming a shoot no longer makes the whole card copy back Ingest a card, rename the frames with ⌘M, put the same card back in with "skip frames already ingested" switched on — and every frame copied again. Renaming a shoot no longer has that effect.
    Fixed
  • An interrupted download is never left looking finished A download that stopped part way used to leave a file that looked like an installer and was not one. Cullwise now checks a download is whole and untampered with before it will open anything.
    Fixed
  • The examples only ever teach variables that exist Three fields suggested an example variable that nobody has until they make one themselves, so anybody copying the example got a half empty line and read it as the feature being broken. Every example in the app is now made of variables Cullwise actually resolves.
    Fixed
  • Three variables that were quietly wrong The twelve-hour clock rendered the twenty-four hour one (it is now [hourampm]); 300 ppi came out as "3"; and a portrait frame reported the sensor's shape rather than the picture's, so its aspect, orientation and print size were all sideways.
    Fixed

0.1.31 10 August 2026 — test build

  • Your dial's screen says what its buttons do The Xencelabs Quick Keys used to show whatever its own driver last put there — Undo, Redo, Copy, Paste — none of which is what the buttons do in Cullwise. Now it names them: one star, two stars, reject, undo. Give a button a different job and its word changes with it, or type your own words in Settings.
    New
  • The dial turns evenly, from a nudge to a fast spin Levelling by wheel had a dead patch at the slow end, never quite reached its fastest, and lurched when you changed direction. It now follows your hand the whole way.
    Fixed

0.1.30 9 August 2026 — test build

  • A Getting Started guide, and a manual Cullwise now explains itself: eight short chapters in the order the work actually happens, opening the first time you launch it and available any time from Help. The long version, with search, is at cullwise.com/manual.
    New
  • Crop and rotate at the right size on a Retina screen Levelling a frame showed the photograph at twice its size, which made the crop impossible to judge.
    Fixed
  • The Quick Keys pane knows whether your dial is connected It could not say either way before, so a wheel that was plugged in and a wheel that was not looked identical.
    Fixed
  • Cullwise asks macOS for permission to read the dial It never asked, so the Quick Keys wheel simply did nothing until you found the setting yourself.
    Fixed
  • The padlock updates the moment you lock a frame Locking or unlocking from the filmstrip left the padlock showing the old state.
    Fixed

0.1.29 9 August 2026 — test build

  • Adjust Date and Time now reads the dates it is changing Correcting a camera whose clock was wrong works on the whole shoot, and renaming that shoot afterwards no longer costs you the ability to put the times back.
    Fixed
  • Photographs stay on screen while a card is still copying The loupe no longer closes underneath you part way through an ingest, and cells that arrived blank now fill in.
    Fixed

A test build, handed out individually — not yet on sale, and not yet signed by Apple.

Nothing here yet first release pending

  • The first public release has not been cut Cullwise is being tested on real event shoots. When the first version goes on sale, its notes appear here and every release after it is added to the top of this page.
    Pending

Where it is up to »

How you find out

Cullwise checks for a newer version quietly — at most once a week, and it says nothing at all when there is nothing to say. If you would rather ask than be told, Cullwise › Check for Updates answers immediately, and the automatic check can be switched off in Settings.

Nothing downloads or installs itself. When there is a new version, you are pointed at the download page and you install it yourself, exactly as you installed the first one.

A licence includes twelve months of new versions; after that you keep the last one you received. How that works »